Detering Attack be boring be a low value target. appear to be too dangerous when enemy is superior in strength drop all appearance of military preparedness and act casually. It may dissuade the enemy from attacking. pretend to lure to keep enemy rooted. fake trap |
Draw in an Attack feign internal problems to draw in an attack. make something of no value appear valuable. fake opportunity If you are anxious to fight, you should not go to meet the invader near a river which he has to cross. |
Conceal our plans feed false info to known spies. He must be able to mystify his officers and men by false reports and appearances, and thus keep them in total ignorance. By altering his arrangements and changing his plans, he keeps the enemy without definite knowledge. By shifting his camp and taking circuitous routes, he prevents the enemy from anticipating his purpose. |
Discover enemy plans Rouse him, and learn the principle of his activity or inactivity. Force him to reveal himself, so as to find out his vulnerable spots. Spies Knowledge of past battles other clues think of yourself in the enemy's position to gain an insight. indicate that you are about to attack strongly, to discover his resources/defensive tactics. |
Refrain from Attack Refrain from intercepting an enemy whose banners are in perfect order, refrain from attacking an army drawn up in calm and confident array. refrain from advancing uphill against the enemy, do not attack soldiers whose temper is keen. Do not swallow bait offered by the enemy. |
Do Attack When fire breaks out inside to enemy's camp, respond at once with an attack from without. If it is to your advantage, make a forward move; if not, stay where you are Everything can collapse. Houses, bodies, and enemies collapse when their rhythm becomes deranged. In large-scale strategy, when the enemy starts to collapse, you must pursue him without letting the chance go. If you fail to take advantage of your enemies' collapse, they may recover and not be so negligent. |
Oppose |
Do not oppose (retreat) Do not oppose him when he comes downhill |
Pursue If enemy has valuable information for their Allies If enemy has valuable resources. |
Do not Pursue Do not pursue an enemy who simulates flight; Do not interfere with an army that is returning home |
Our Alliances We cannot enter into alliances until we are acquainted with the designs of our neighbors. Borrow resources from an ally to defeat a common enemy. Recruit those who have greater skills than yourself. |
Enemy Alliances sow discord between the enemy and his allys. false flag attack. trick his own ally to attack him. Divide and rule |
Enemy Dispositions Movement amongst the trees of a forest shows that the enemy is advancing. Humble words and increased preparations are signs that the enemy is about to advance. Violent language and driving forward as if to the attack are signs that he will retreat. When the light chariots come out first and take up a position on the wings, it is a sign that the enemy is forming for battle. Peace proposals unaccompanied by a sworn covenant indicate a plot. When there is much running about and the soldiers fall into rank, it means that the critical moment has come. When some are seen advancing and some retreating, it is a lure. When the soldiers stand leaning on their spears, they are faint from want of food. If those who are sent to draw water begin by drinking themselves, the army is suffering from thirst. If the enemy sees an advantage to be gained and makes no effort to secure it, the soldiers are exhausted. If birds gather on any spot, it is unoccupied. Clamor by night betokens nervousness. If there is disturbance in the camp, the general's authority is weak. If the banners and flags are shifted about, sedition is afoot. If the officers are angry, it means that the men are weary. When an army feeds its horses with grain and kills its cattle for food, and when the men do not hang their cooking-pots over the camp-fires, showing that they will not return to their tents, you may know that they are determined to fight to the death. The sight of men whispering together in small knots or speaking in subdued tones points to disaffection amongst the rank and file. Too frequent rewards signify that the enemy is at the end of his resources; too many punishments betray a condition of dire distress. To begin by bluster, but afterwards to take fright at the enemy's numbers, shows a supreme lack of intelligence. When envoys are sent with compliments in their mouths, it is a sign that the enemy wishes for a truce. If the enemy's troops march up angrily and remain facing ours for a long time without either joining battle or taking themselves off again, the situation is one that demands great vigilance and circumspection. |
Supplies carefully guard your line of supplies have hidden, multiple redundant lines of supplies forrage from the enemy be frugal efficient have emergency stores |
Ground Ground which can be freely traversed by both sides is called accessible. 3. With regard to ground of this nature, be before the enemy in occupying the raised and sunny spots, and carefully guard your line of supplies. Then you will be able to fight with advantage. 4. Ground which can be abandoned but is hard to re-occupy is called entangling. 5. From a position of this sort, if the enemy is unprepared, you may sally forth and defeat him. But if the enemy is prepared for your coming, and you fail to defeat him, then, return being impossible, disaster will ensue. 6. When the position is such that neither side will gain by making the first move, it is called temporizing ground. 7. In a position of this sort, even though the enemy should offer us an attractive bait, it will be advisable not to stir forth, but rather to retreat, thus enticing the enemy in his turn; then, when part of his army has come out, we may deliver our attack with advantage. 8. With regard to narrow passes, if you can occupy them first, let them be strongly garrisoned and await the advent of the enemy. 9. Should the army forestall you in occupying a pass, do not go after him if the pass is fully garrisoned, but only if it is weakly garrisoned. 10. With regard to precipitous heights, if you are beforehand with your adversary, you should occupy the raised and sunny spots, and there wait for him to come up. 11. If the enemy has occupied them before you, do not follow him, but retreat and try to entice him away. 12. If you are situated at a great distance from the enemy, and the strength of the two armies is equal, it is not easy to provoke a battle, and fighting will be to your disadvantage. |
The Gaze in Strategy The gaze should be large and broad. This is the twofold gaze "Perception and Sight". Perception is strong and sight week. In strategy it is important to see distant things as if they were close and to take a distanced view of close things. It is important in strategy to know the enemy's sword and not to be distracted by insignificant movements of his sword. You must study this. The gaze is the same for single combat and for large-scale strategy. It is necessary in strategy to be able to look to both sides without moving the eyeballs. You cannot master this ability quickly. Learn what is written here; use this gaze in everyday life and do not vary it whatever happens. |
profit from the smallest opportunity
Injure the Corners |
indirectly weaken a strong enemy before engaging in open conflict.
create confusion in an enemy before attacking. |
play dead.
Leave behind the lizards tail. |
retreat and regroup
surrender, compromise |